Peng Fu, Kohei Kishida, Neil J. Ross, Peter Selinger
<div><p>Quipper is a functional language for programming quantum circuits. Proto-Quipper is a family of languages aiming to provide a formal foundation for Quipper. In this paper, we extend Proto-Quipper-M with a construct called dynamic lifting, which is present in Quipper. By virtue of being a circuit description language, Proto-Quipper has two separate runtimes: circuit generation time and circuit execution time. Values that are known at circuit generation time are called parameters, and values that are known at circuit execution time are called states. Dynamic lifting is an operation that enables a state, such as the result of a measurement, to be lifted to a parameter, where it can influence the generation of the next portion of the circuit. As a result, dynamic lifting enables Proto-Quipper programs to interleave classical and quantum computation. We describe the syntax of a language we call Proto-Quipper-Dyn. Its type system uses a system of modalities to keep track of the use of dynamic lifting. We then provide an operational semantics, as well as a notion of categorical model for dynamic lifting. We also construct a concrete instance of such a model based on biset-enrichment. We prove that both the type system and the operational semantics are sound with respect to our categorical semantics. Finally, we give some examples of Proto-Quipper-Dyn programs that make essential use of dynamic lifting.</p></div>
Alperen Keles, Jessica Shi, Nikhil Kamath, Tin Nam Liu, Ceren Mert, Harrison Goldstein, Benjamin C. Pierce, Leonidas Lampropoulos
Property-based testing is a mainstay of functional programming, boasting a rich literature, an enthusiastic user community, and an abundance of tools~ -- so many, indeed, that new users may have difficulty choosing. Moreover, any given framework may support a variety of strategies for generating test inputs; even experienced users may wonder which are better in any given situation. Sadly, the PBT literature, though long on creativity, is short on rigorous comparisons to help answer such questions. We present ETNA, a platform for empirical evaluation and comparison of PBT techniques. ETNA incorporates a number of popular PBT frameworks and testing workloads from the literature, and its extensible architecture makes adding new ones easy, while handling the technical drudgery of performance measurement. To illustrate its benefits, we use ETNA to carry out several experiments with popular PBT approaches in Rocq, Haskell, OCaml, Racket, and Rust, allowing users to more clearly understand best practices and tradeoffs.
Beniamino Accattoli, Ugo Dal Lago, Gabriele Vanoni
Accattoli, Dal Lago, and Vanoni have recently proved that the space used by the Space KAM, a variant of the Krivine abstract machine, is a reasonable space cost model for the lambda-calculus accounting for logarithmic space, solving a longstanding open problem. In this paper, we provide a new system of multi types (a variant of intersection types) and extract from multi type derivations the space used by the Space KAM, capturing into a type system the space complexity of the abstract machine. Additionally, we show how to capture also the time of the Space KAM, which is a reasonable time cost model, via minor changes to the type system.
Leif Andersen, Michael Ballantyne, Cameron Moy, Matthias Felleisen, Stephen Chang
The dominant programming languages support nothing but linear text to express domain-specific geometric ideas. What is needed are hybrid languages that allow developers to create visual syntactic constructs so that they can express their ideas with a mix of textual and visual syntax tailored to an application domain. This mix must put the two kinds of syntax on equal footing and, just as importantly, the extended language must not disrupt a programmer's typical workflow. This means that any new visual syntax should be a proper language extension that is composable with other language features. Furthermore, the extensions should also preserve static reasoning about the program. This paper presents Hybrid ClojureScript the first such hybrid programming language. Hybrid ClojureScript allows programmers to add visual interactive syntax and to embed instances of this syntax within a program's text. An enhanced hybrid IDE can then display these embedded instances as mini-GUIs that programmers interact with, while other IDEs will show a textual representation of the syntax. The paper argues the necessity of such an extensibility mechanism, demonstrates the adoptability of the design, and discusses what might be needed to use the design in other languages. to be published in JFP
The languages of mathematical physics and modelling are endowed with a rich ``grammar of dimensions'' that common abstractions of programming languages fail to represent. We propose a dependently typed domain-specific language (embedded in Idris) that captures this grammar. We apply it to formalize basic notions of dimensional analysis: those of dimension function, physical quantity, homomorphic measurement, the covariance principle and Buckingham's Pi theorem. We hope that the language makes mathematical physics more accessible to computer scientists and functional programming more palatable to modellers and physicists.
